Xi, Putin and Modi to meet at BRICS summit in New Delhi amid pressure from Trump's policies

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This weekend's BRICS summit hosted by India in New Delhi will be watched to see whether trade, energy and sanctions pressure from the United States under President Donald Trump's America First policy is pushing some member countries toward closer cooperation. Chinese President Xi Jinping, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian are among the leaders expected to attend alongside Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Xi's visit to India will be his first since 2019 and marks another step in the cautious thaw in relations after deadly clashes along the two countries' disputed Himalayan border in 2020. BRICS is meanwhile discussing expanding trade in local currencies and developing alternative cross-border payment mechanisms, with India seeking to steer the group away from a broad push to reduce dollar use and instead emphasizing national currencies and digital payments to lower cross-border trade costs. Sarang Shidore, director of the Global South program at the Quincy Institute, called BRICS a dysfunctional family, noting that members' differences are most evident on security issues. Chietigj Bajpaee, a senior research fellow for South Asia at Chatham House, said India wants BRICS to promote a non-Western perspective without becoming an explicitly anti-Western bloc.

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