Rand Capital Corporation is a business development company that invests in subordinated debt with warrants or preferred equity, as well as venture capital. It focuses on capital growth and lower middle market investments within private equity, and on early- to late-stage private businesses within venture capital. The firm generally avoids the real estate sector and prefers software, professional services, manufacturing, consumer, healthcare, automotive, and public stocks. It typically invests between $0.75 million and $5 million, with an initial target size of $1.5 million, in companies with more than $10 million in revenue or EBITDA of more than $1.5 million and up to $5 million. It prefers minority stakes, seeks board seats, and typically holds investments for up to five years.