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Gladstone Capital Corporation

Gladstone Capital Corporation is a business development company specializing in private equity and venture capital investments with a focus on lower middle market, growth capital, add on acquisitions, change of control, buy & build strategies, debt refinancing, debt investments in senior term loans, revolving loans, secured first and second lien term loans, senior subordinated loans, unitranche loans, junior subordinated loans, and mezzanine loans and equity investments in the form of common stock, preferred stock, limited liability company interests, or warrants. The fund also makes private equity investments in acquisitions, buyouts and recapitalizations, and refinancing existing debts. It targets small and medium-sized companies in United States. It is industry agnostic and seeks to invest in companies engaged in the business services, movies and entertainment, broadcasting and publishing, automobiles and components, food, beverage and tobacco, light and specialty manufacturing, niche industrial products and services, commercial services and supplies, specialty consumer products and services, construction machinery and heavy transportation equipment, energy services, agricultural and farm machinery, transportation and logistics, healthcare and education services, specialty chemicals, media and communications and aerospace and defense. The fund seeks to invest in debt between $8 million and $40 million in companies that have between $20 million and $150 million in sales and EBITDA between $3 million and $25 million. It prefers to acquire minority stakes. It seeks to exit its investments through strategic acquisitions by other industry participants or financial buyers, initial public offerings of common stock, or other capital market transactions.

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事業開発会社は高配当利回りを提供するが景気循環リスクも伴う

アレス・キャピタル、プロスペクト・キャピタル、メインストリート・キャピタルなどの事業開発会社は、伝統的な金融機関から資金調達が難しい中堅企業に高金利の融資を行うことで、しばしば10%を超える配当利回りを生み出している。1980年の中小企業投資奨励法に基づいて設立されたこれらのBDCは、非課税資格を維持するために収益の大半を株主に還元しており、アレス・キャピタルとメインストリート・キャピタルはいずれも第1四半期末時点で融資ポートフォリオの加重平均金利が10.3%だったと報告している。しかし、このビジネスモデルには借り手の債務不履行、景気後退時の融資需要の減少、金利変動への敏感さといったリスクが伴い、最近ではグラッドストーン・キャピタルやゴールドマン・サックスBDCなど一部のBDCが分配金を引き下げる事態となっている。BDCはインカム投資として機能し得るが、景気循環性が強く値上がり益が限定的であるため、元本保全と安定収入の両方を求める投資家にとって中核的な保有資産とすべきではない。
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