Chicago Fed's Goolsbee Warns AI Data Center Boom May Be Fueling Inflation

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Chicago Fed president Austan Goolsbee said the AI-related data center buildout may be fueling excess demand and inflation in ways that could compel the Federal Reserve to respond. Speaking in London at an Official Monetary and Financial Institutions event, Goolsbee said he is especially attuned to elevated inflation in service-sector industries and to any evidence that AI data center construction is spilling out of its own lane and raising aggregate output beyond what the economy can absorb. He noted that the negative supply shocks of this decade, including oil, tariffs and commodity prices, have proven more frequent and more sustained than in the past, and that forecasters have spent more than a year pushing back the date when inflation was supposed to peak and start falling. Goolsbee said that if demand overheats, there is no ambiguity about how the Fed needs to respond, implying rates may need to be higher even if the supply shocks from tariffs and the Iran war prove to be one-time events. He added that even if rate hikes do not slow data center development, they may curtail other spending enough to lower demand and inflation, pointing to business investment, construction slash housing, and consumer durables as the channels where that would show up.

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Goolsbee warns AI data center demand may overheat inflation, implying the Fed may need higher rates, lifting the effective fed funds rate.

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