Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry is considering proposing a record budget of 7.8 trillion yen, or about 49 billion dollars, for fiscal year 2027 to accelerate investment in semiconductors, artificial intelligence (AI), and other strategic industries, which are central to the government's economic drive under Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi. The budget is part of a plan for 370 trillion yen in public and private investment in key industries over 14 years. Within the 7.8 trillion yen, the ministry will allocate 6.31 trillion yen to the Strong and Prosperous Japan Investment Framework, including 2 trillion yen for developing AI, semiconductors, and robotics, and another 680 billion yen for security of critical minerals, including rare earths. Meanwhile, 220 billion yen is for enhancing naphtha supply capabilities, and 180 billion yen for upgrading defense and dual-use technology capabilities, jointly with the Ministry of Defense. This budget allocation reflects the geopolitical and economic security challenges Japan faces, including technological competition among major powers, oil supply impacts from the war in Iran, and China's use of rare earths as a bargaining tool.